MATSIGENKA
The Matsigenka are an indigenous or native people belonging to the Arawak linguistic family. Part of their cultural identity is the close relationship with the territory, which is considered a source of life, as it provides various means for subsistence, as well as all the beings that inhabit it.

The territory of the Matsigenka people is located in the southeast of the Peruvian Amazon basin, in the departments of Cusco and Madre de Dios. Their localities extend from the right bank of the Apurimac River, encompassing the Upper and Lower Urubamba basins until reaching the Manu and Madre de Dios rivers. There are also Matsigenka families in voluntary isolation and initial contact in the Manu National Park and the Kugapakori territorial reserve.

KUGAPAKORI
They received the name of the Nantis, a term that, according to different sources, in the Matsigenka language would be translated as ‘savage’ or ‘people killer’, and that due to its high negative charge is not accepted by the members of this people. In contrast to the connotation of the term Kugapakori, the word Nanti can be translated as ‘human being’.

The Nanti are a semi-nomadic people and constitute one of the two subgroups of the Matsigenka people, located in the upper basin of the Camisea, Timpía and Manu rivers.

THE WACHIPERI
The Wachiperi are a native people between the regions of Cusco and Madre de Dios. Belonging to the Harakbut linguistic family and today inhabit the community of Queros is located on the Queros River (EORI) today known as the Alto Madre de Dios River, in the so-called Kosñipata valley. Politically, it is in the district of Kosñipata, Paucartambo province, in the Cusco region, with its own culture, language and ancestral customs. Sacred place the petroglyphs of Hinkiory.

THE AMARAKAERI
Known as the Harakbut, which means man of the forest, they are an indigenous people who live mainly in the departments of Madre de Dios and Cusco, between the Madre de Dios and Inambari rivers. Their indigenous language belongs to the Harakbut linguistic family. This indigenous people is made up of several subgroups or partialized groups, of which up to eighteen hetnias have been identified. Among them, the best known are the Wachipaeri and the Toyeris.

THE YINE
The Yine people are also known as ‘piro’, a name that has been used by neighboring peoples and other outsiders to distinguish this people. The word “Yine”, on the other hand, comes from yineru, which in the indigenous language is translated as ‘true men’, ‘human being’ or ‘people par excellence’.

The Yine people have been described by various authors as a people of excellent navigators. As good traders, the Yine had to move in various directions since pre-Hispanic times, establishing contact with numerous peoples, Amazonian, Andean and today located in the community of Diamante.

THE MASHCOS
The Mashco Piro are one of the semi-nomadic and voluntarily isolated peoples that inhabit the territory of Manu National Park. The Mashco Piro people have been closely associated with the Yine because they are considered to speak the same language, which belongs to the Arawak linguistic family. According to the Ministry of Culture, the language spoken by the Mashco Piro is a variety of Yine.

The Mashco Piro live in the departments of Ucayali and Madre de Dios. According to data obtained by the Ministry of Culture, they live mainly in the middle and upper basins of the Manu, Los Amigos, Pariamanu, Las Piedras, Tahuamanu and Acre rivers (Madre de Dios Territorial Reserve) and in the upper Purus river basins.

YORA
Also known as the Sharas, Nahuas or Yaminahuas, they are an ethnic group in voluntary isolation and are permanently displaced by oil exploitation and logging incursions in their traditional territories northeast of the Manu National Park and in the headwaters of the Camisea River.